Fatal pathology of the cardiovascular system develops with high blood pressure. Characteristic jumps are dangerous to health and in the absence of timely therapy, doctors do not rule out a hypertensive crisis. 30% of all patients face a similar problem, and the symptom is constantly getting younger.
What is hypertension
Hypertension is an independent disease in which blood pressure is impaired. If earlier only adult patients suffered from a characteristic disease, now young people are also at risk. Arterial hypertension without timely treatment can cause disability, lead to death.
When measuring the outlet pressure, a double indicator is obtained. When you decipher it, you can get a real clinical picture. The first value characterizes the systolic (upper) pressure, corresponding to the force of contraction of the heart walls. The second is diastolic (lower), demonstrating pathogenesis during myocardial relaxation. Hypertension can be diagnosed at home with a classic tonometer, but requires clarification in a hospital setting.
Degrees
The pathological process attacks gradually, the symptoms imperceptibly intensify, frighten with their intensity and cause other heart problems. In the body, hypertension manifests itself in one of three degrees - what it is, the cardiologist will tell you. The conditional classification of a characteristic disease with short characteristics is presented below:
- The first degree is elementary. The increase in blood pressure is insignificant, limited to 139-159 / 90-99 mm Hg. Art. At first, the symptom appears unexpectedly, then disappears imperceptibly. The pathology can still be cured.
- The second degree is moderate. Possible deviations from the norm remain within 160–180 / 100–110 mm Hg. Art. while it is almost impossible to stabilize this indicator. The risk of hypertensive crisis increases.
- The third degree is expressed. Deviations from the norm are frightening in their scale, approaching 180 and more / 111 mm Hg. Art. If hypertension manifests itself in this way, the degree of the pathological process leads to cardiac dysfunction.
Kinds
This disease has several conditional classifications that help the specialist to characterize the clinical picture as accurately as possible, to make an adequate diagnosis and to choose the most effective treatment for the timely relief of anxiety symptoms. All existing types of hypertension are briefly described below:
- by etiology: arterial hypertension of primary and secondary forms;
- symptomatic (secondary) hypertension: drug, endocrine, hemodynamic, renal, neurogenic;
- from complications: hypertensive crisis, malignant or labile hypertension.
Causes of hypertension
To ensure a long period of remission, it is important to study the etiology of the pathological process. The main causes of hypertension are impaired blood circulation through vessels, limited inflow to the left ventricle of the heart. In modern medicine there is a completely logical explanation for this - structural changes in blood vessels with age, the formation of blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques in their cavities.
For men
Women are more prone to a characteristic disease, but it can also progress in the male body. The main causes of hypertension in men are presented below, but experts strongly recommend that you avoid such provoking factors and eliminate them in time from your life. It is:
- stressful situations;
- genetic predisposition;
- bad habits;
- previously suffered injuries related to circulatory disorders;
- age-related changes in blood vessels, loss of elasticity;
- alcoholism;
- tendency or presence of one of the forms of obesity.
Among women
If hypertension progresses in the female body - what it is, you can find out at a meeting with a local therapist, a highly specialized specialist. The diagnosis is unpleasant, difficult to treat effectively. To avoid complications in time, it is important to know the root causes of hypertension in women. It is:
- severe emotional shock, crisis, prolonged stress;
- overweight, obesity;
- disturbed hormonal background;
- pre-menopausal condition;
- increase in blood cholesterol;
- the patient's age.
Signs of hypertension
Knowing what hypertension is, the patient must respond promptly to changes in the general condition characteristic of the disease. Differentiating hypertension is not easy, it is the doctor's job, so it is important not to delay the diagnosis. There is instability of blood pressure, subject to external stimuli. Other signs of hypertension depend on the sex of the potential patient with a cardiologist.
Among women
The fairer sex react sharply to the slightest changes in health, so it is easier for them to recognize the appearance of a problem in their own body. The disease can overtake the patient in an "interesting position". The main signs of hypertension in women are:
- spontaneous headache at different times of the day;
- landing of sight, loss of sharpness with sharp turns of the body and head;
- swelling of the lower limbs;
- excessive irritability;
- puffiness of the face in the morning.
For men
At the beginning, patients do not feel changes in their general well-being, and the smallest ailments are related to increased physical activity, excessive fatigue or environmental factors. Over time, the symptoms of hypertension in men become more pronounced, suggesting progressive heart failure. It is:
- reduced potency, sex problems;
- decrease in concentration;
- increased shortness of breath;
- depressed state;
- eye fly syndrome with sudden movements.
Treatment
Knowing who the hypertensive patients are, we can safely say that these people need to "sit" on pills all their lives to maintain their overall health "satisfactorily". There is no way to completely cure the disease, but it is quite possible to cure it. If you are interested in how to treat hypertension, the characteristics of the conservative method are presented below. Required:
- Perform all necessary tests to determine the stage and form of the disease.
- Give up bad habits, go on a therapeutic diet.
- Take antihypertensive drugs regularly;
- Eliminate the risk of complications through regular examination by a specialist, folk remedies.
How to treat hypertension without drugs
If there is no desire to take an antihypertensive agent and the attitude towards drugs is sharply negative, what to do with hypertension? Doctors recommend that you be outdoors more often, take multivitamin complexes with iron to maintain systemic circulation, give up bad habits and choose effective cardio exercises. Do not lead an isolated lifestyle. However, in the relapse stage, you still need to take medication for hypertension to avoid the risk of complications during myocardial infarction.
Diet for hypertension and heart disease
Therapeutic nutrition eliminates salt consumption, is aimed at controlling the body's water balance. If hypertension is diagnosed - what exactly it is, how to treat it, the cardiologist will tell you. For example, a diet for hypertension and heart disease provides the following restrictions in the patient's usual diet. The following foods are considered prohibited:
- caffeinated beverages;
- sharpness, pickles, smoked meats;
- quarantines;
- alcohol;
- fatty dishes.
If this is chronic hypertension - what is it about nutrition? Allowed:
- pure meat;
- unsalted cereals;
- dairy products.